Algeria’s Synthetic Drug Trade Explosion: A New Hub Emerges

Algeria has become a significant hub for synthetic drug trafficking, with tramadol and codeine leading the market. Initially centered in northern cities like Algiers and Oran, the illicit trade has since expanded to cover most of the country.

Market Dynamics

• Tramadol and codeine dominate the market
• Subutex also plays a significant role, alongside cocaine and heroin, although their influence is limited compared to synthetics
• Algeria’s strategic location between Europe and Africa makes it an attractive transshipment point for traffickers

Criminal Networks and Corruption

• Criminal networks are highly active and economically dominant
• Foreign actors from countries like Niger, Mali, and Libya are involved in illegal activities such as gold trafficking and human smuggling
• High-level officials and businessmen are linked to massive money-laundering schemes
• Corruption remains a significant issue in Algeria

Economic Crisis and Illicit Trade

• The economic crisis in Algeria, fueled by falling oil prices, has exacerbated the informal economy
• Opportunities for illicit trade and black markets have increased as a result
• Authorities have established a committee to develop a national anti-money laundering strategy, but progress has been slow

Social Protection and Civil Society

• Civil society and social protection measures are weak
• Limited access to treatment and support for drug users and victims of modern slavery
• The government’s efforts to prevent organized crime are inadequate
• Independent media is under threat from the authoritarian regime

International Cooperation Needed

• International organizations and regional partners must work together to address the root causes of Algeria’s synthetic drug trade explosion
• Support is needed for authorities in their fight against organized crime
• A collaborative approach can help to mitigate the social and economic impacts of the crisis.