UK Banking Regulations: A Guide to Governance and Supervision of Banks
The United Kingdom’s banking sector is subject to a complex web of regulations aimed at ensuring its stability, security, and integrity. In this guide, we provide an overview of the key legislation, regulatory bodies, and international standards that govern the governance and supervision of banks operating in the UK.
Key Legislation
- The Banking Act 2009
- The Financial Services Act 2012
- Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR) and Directive (CRD IV)
These laws provide a framework for the regulation of banks, setting out requirements for their governance, risk management, and capital adequacy.
Regulatory Bodies
Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA)
- Responsible for regulating the safety and soundness of banks
Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)
- Focuses on the conduct and prudence of banks
Bank of England
- Plays a key role in setting monetary policy and overseeing financial stability
International Standards
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the Financial Stability Board, and the European Securities and Markets Authority all have a significant impact on the regulatory framework for banks operating in the UK.
Compliance Requirements
Banks must also comply with strict:
- Liquidity rules
- Foreign investment requirements
- Liquidation regimes
These rules are designed to ensure that banks have sufficient capital and liquidity to meet their obligations and withstand periods of financial stress.
Recent Trends
- Greater focus on risk management
- Improved disclosure requirements
- Enhanced supervisory oversight
- New regulations aimed at addressing specific risks, such as:
- Climate change
- Cybersecurity
By understanding these banking regulations and governance requirements, banks operating in the UK can ensure that they are compliant with all relevant laws and standards, and that their operations are stable, secure, and sustainable.