Bhutan’s Strong Record on Anti-Corruption Laws
A Small Country with a Big Impact
Thimphu, Bhutan - Despite its small size in the heart of Asia, Bhutan has made significant strides in combatting corruption and maintaining transparency. The nation’s anti-bribery and corruption laws have been praised for their effectiveness in keeping corruption levels low.
Effective Anti-Corruption Framework
Bhutan’s government has done an exemplary job in enforcing its anti-corruption framework. The Anti-Corruption Act, which was enacted several years ago, criminalizes various forms of corruption including:
- Abuse of office: Using one’s position for personal gain or benefit
- Passive and active bribery: Offering or accepting bribes to influence decisions or actions
- Money laundering: Concealing the origin of illegally obtained funds
The law applies equally to both public and private sectors, ensuring that all individuals and organizations are held accountable for their actions.
Low Risk of Corruption in Public Procurement Sector
While there have been instances of bribery and irregular payments in the past, nearly all businesses reported that they were not expected to give gifts to procurement officials to secure contracts. The government has taken steps to address favoritism in awarding contracts by implementing a transparent bidding process.
Comprehensive Legal Framework
Bhutan’s anti-corruption laws are comprehensive and well-enforced. The Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) is responsible for investigating and prosecuting corrupt officials, and it has been praised for its efforts to raise awareness about corruption.
However, the ACC struggles with staff shortages and a backlog of investigations.
Free Press and Freedom of Speech
Bhutan’s press is considered free, although there have been instances of self-censorship in the past. The government has passed laws protecting freedom of speech and information, but entities are reluctant to share data. Civil society organizations face restrictions on their activities due to sponsorship from the government.
Bhutan Signs But Has Not Ratified the UN Convention Against Corruption
Bhutan has signed the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) but has not ratified it yet. The country’s commitment to combating corruption and maintaining transparency is evident in its efforts to strengthen anti-corruption laws and institutions.
Sources:
- World Economic Forum: Global Competitiveness Report 2015-2016
- Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Bhutan 2016
- Transparency International: Anti-Corruption Agency Strengthening Initiative - Assessment of the Bhutan Anti-Corruption Commission 2015
- US Department of State: Human Rights Practices Report - Bhutan 2015
- Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Bhutan 2015
- World Bank Group: Enterprise Surveys - Bhutan 2015
- Freedom House: Freedom on the Press - Bhutan 2015