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Cambodia’s Struggle Against Corruption: A Long Way to Go

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According to the latest corruption perception index released by Transparency International, Cambodia ranked a dismal 156th out of 176 countries. This score was the lowest among all Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states, with only Afghanistan and North Korea scoring worse in the Asia-Pacific region.

The Extent of Corruption

A report by Transparency International in 2014 highlighted the extent of corruption in Cambodia’s governance system. It stated that bribe-seeking and offering undermine professionalism and accountability within government institutions. The report also criticized the judiciary, law enforcement agencies, and political parties for their lack of transparency and accountability.

Glimmers of Hope

However, there is some evidence to suggest that corruption at lower levels may be declining. A survey conducted by Transparency International found that nearly two-thirds of respondents reported paying bribes to officials in 2013, but this figure dropped to less than a third in 2016. Similarly, the proportion of people who said they paid bribes to receive healthcare fell from 38% in 2013 to 19% in 2016.

The Challenge Ahead

Despite these small gains, corruption remains a significant challenge for Cambodia. The country has ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and criminalizes various forms of corruption under its provisional Criminal Code. However, many experts argue that more needs to be done to combat corruption effectively.

Protecting Whistleblowers and Witnesses

One area of concern is the lack of protection for whistleblowers and witnesses who report corruption. Under current laws, officials found guilty of corruption can face up to 15 years in prison, while those who pay bribes for government services can also be charged. However, whistleblowers who come forward with evidence of corruption can face imprisonment if they cannot provide sufficient evidence to support their claims.

The Way Forward

In response to these concerns, the Anti-Corruption Unit (ACU) has drafted two laws aimed at protecting witnesses and whistleblowers. However, these laws are still in the drafting stage, with experts warning that existing articles in the law may make it difficult for witnesses and whistleblowers to come forward.

The government has also taken steps to reduce corruption by publishing standard fees for various government services. However, much more needs to be done to address the deep-seated corruption that pervades Cambodia’s governance system.

Conclusion

In the words of Preap Kol, head of Transparency International in Cambodia:

“Corruption is a serious obstacle to Cambodia’s development and prosperity. The government must take concrete steps to combat corruption effectively and ensure that those who engage in corrupt activities are held accountable.”

It is clear that Cambodia has a long way to go in its struggle against corruption. However, with concerted efforts and a commitment to transparency and accountability, the country can work towards a more corruption-free future.