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Armed Groups from Neighboring Countries Launch Incursions into Chad, Fueling Organized Crime

Chad has been grappling with a significant threat posed by armed groups based in neighboring countries launching incursions into its territory, which has exacerbated organized crime activities. The timber, pharmaceutical, petroleum, and mining industries have been particularly affected by these illegal activities.

Weak Regulatory Framework and Securitized Approach

Despite efforts to combat the issue, Chad’s regulatory framework has been weak, and the government’s approach has been largely securitized, focusing on combating armed politico-military opposition rather than addressing criminality itself. The death of President Idriss Dèby in April 2021 led to a power vacuum, with his son Mahamat Idriss Dèby taking over as head of the Transitional Military Council.

Limited Transparency and Accountability

Transparency and accountability remain limited in Chad, which is perceived as one of the most corrupt countries in the world. The government has taken some steps to address organized crime, including trying and imprisoning military officers involved in drug trafficking. However, corruption remains rampant, and oversight mechanisms are virtually non-existent.

International Cooperation and Domestic Challenges

Chad has demonstrated a willingness to cooperate internationally on combating organized crime, with relationships with various international organizations and participation in the G5 Sahel alliance. The country has also ratified several international treaties related to organized crime. Domestically, however, implementation of anti-crime laws remains a challenge.

• Lack of specialized judicial units and law enforcement agencies dedicated to countering organized crime hinders efforts to combat criminal activity.
• Special task forces have been created, but they are limited in their effectiveness due to geographical and functional limitations.

Territorial Integrity and Economic Regulatory Capacity

Chad’s territorial integrity has remained stable overall, but vast areas in the north and far north remain outside government control, with criminal markets flourishing. The country’s economic regulatory capacity is also weak, making it difficult for businesses to operate effectively.

Civil Society Efforts and Government Support

Civil society groups have attempted to address organized crime through victim support and preventive measures, but their efforts are limited by geographical constraints. The government has worked with international organizations to support victims of human trafficking, but no significant updates have been reported in recent years.

Media’s Role in Highlighting Organized Crime

The media plays a crucial role in highlighting the issue of organized crime, but journalists often face arrest or attack for negative reporting about the government. Despite these challenges, some NGOs and civil society groups continue to work towards addressing organized crime in Chad.

Note: This article was funded in part by a grant from the United States Department of State. The opinions, findings, and conclusions stated herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State.