Terrorism Financing Laws in Liechtenstein: A Comprehensive Overview
In the face of growing concerns over terrorism, Liechtenstein has taken significant steps to strengthen its legal framework against terrorist financing. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the country’s laws and efforts to combat terrorism.
Definition of Terrorism
Liechtenstein’s definition of terrorism is rooted in its Criminal Code, which outlines a range of predicate offences that can be considered as acts of terrorism. According to Article 278c of the Criminal Code, an act is deemed to be terrorism if it causes:
- Serious or enduring disruption to public life
- Damage to economic activity
- Is committed with the intention of:
- Intimidating the population
- Coercing public authorities or international organizations
- Seriously unsettling or destroying fundamental political, constitutional, economic, or social structures
International Commitments
Liechtenstein’s commitment to combating terrorism extends beyond its domestic laws. The country is a State Party to all major United Nations treaties on terrorism, including:
- 1973 Convention on Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons
- 1997 Terrorist Bombings Convention
- 2005 Nuclear Terrorism Convention
Additionally, Liechtenstein has ratified several regional treaties, such as:
- 1977 European Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism
- 2003 Protocol amending the same convention
Penalties for Terrorist Offences
In terms of penalties for terrorist offences, Liechtenstein’s laws are stringent. Sanctions can amount to:
- One and a half times the maximum sentence for the underlying criminal act (as outlined in Article 278c of the Criminal Code)
- Imprisonment of between one and ten years for anyone who participates in a terrorist group or provides financial support
Counterterrorism Efforts
Despite these efforts, Liechtenstein’s counterterrorism capacities are still evolving. Unlike some other countries, it does not have a dedicated counterterrorism unit within its national police force. Nevertheless, the country remains committed to combating terrorism and is working to strengthen its legal framework and cooperation with international partners to prevent and prosecute terrorist financing.
Conclusion
Liechtenstein’s laws and efforts to combat terrorism demonstrate its commitment to preventing and prosecuting terrorist financing. While there may be room for improvement in certain areas, such as establishing a dedicated counterterrorism unit, the country is taking significant steps towards strengthening its legal framework and cooperation with international partners.