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Conflict Minerals and Due Diligence: A Study on the Impact of Responsible Supply Chains

A recent study has shed light on the use of conflict minerals in the production or functionality of various products and whether these minerals were sourced from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) or neighboring countries.

OECD’s Guidelines for Responsible Supply Chains

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has implemented guidelines for responsible supply chains, aiming to ensure that companies respect human rights and do not contribute to conflict. The OECD’s Due Diligence Guidance provides a framework for detailed due diligence, defined as an ongoing, proactive, and reactive process to prevent human rights abuses and conflict.

Initiatives Promoting Responsible Mineral Supply Chains

Several initiatives have been established to promote responsible mineral supply chains. These include:

  • International Tin Association’s International Tin Supply Chain Initiative (ITSCI)
  • Tetratech
  • Just Gold by IMPACT
  • German government-funded BGR project

These programs aim to certify that minerals are conflict-free, establish provenance, and strengthen capacity at regional and national levels.

Study on the Impact of Due Diligence Programs

Despite efforts to analyze the impact of due diligence, few studies have attempted to understand the effectiveness of these initiatives beyond compliance with Dodd-Frank 1502 requirements. A recent study by IPIS has filled this gap, assessing the impact of due diligence programs on local communities in eastern Congo.

Field Survey Data

The study conducted field surveys at mine sites and trading centers in five provinces of eastern Congo (South Kivu, North Kivu, Maniema, Ituri, and Tanganyika) between 2016-2018. The survey collected data on social, environmental, and human rights impacts from the perspective of miners and community members.

Findings

The study analyzed data on relative income, governance, forced labor, child labor, violence (including gender-based violence), work conditions in artisanal mines, and security concerns due to the presence or interference of irregular armed groups. The findings highlight the significant challenges faced by local communities in eastern Congo, including:

  • Forced labor and child labor remain prevalent in artisanal mines
  • Violence and intimidation are common occurrences
  • Community members face limited access to basic services such as healthcare and education
  • Mining activities often disrupt agricultural production and livelihoods

Conclusion

The study demonstrates the need for continued efforts to ensure responsible mineral supply chains. The findings highlight the importance of engaging with local communities, addressing forced labor and child labor, and promoting sustainable mining practices.

As governments, companies, and civil society organizations work together to promote responsible sourcing practices, it is essential to prioritize the human rights and well-being of local communities affected by artisanal mining activities in eastern Congo.