Costa Rica’s War on Drugs: Small but Lurking Threat

A Growing Concern

Despite its reputation as a haven for eco-tourists and nature lovers, Costa Rica is quietly grappling with a growing threat from low-quality cannabis seizures and synthetic drugs imported from Asia and the US.

Smaller Drug Busts on the Rise

According to recent reports, smaller drug busts have become more frequent in the province of San José, while larger seizures have been detected in Limón. However, authorities admit that there is no significant market for heroin in the country.

Synthetic Drugs on the Rise

Meanwhile, the use of synthetic drugs like Ecstasy, LSD, K2, and ketamine is on the rise, with many users turning to these alternatives due to their perceived lower risk and increased availability.

Criminal Networks

Los Moreco: A Notorious Group

A complex web of criminal networks operates across Costa Rica, with Los Moreco being one of the most notorious groups. This mafia-style organization has been linked to drug trafficking in several provinces, including Limón, Alajuela, Guanacaste, and San José.

Other Drug Gangs

Other drug gangs, such as those led by Pollo, El Indio, Ojos Bellos, and Gato Cole, also have a presence in the country. Additionally, a fishmonger from Limón has been accused of being a leading drug trafficker, allegedly using his political connections to further his illegal activities.

Law Enforcement Challenges

Investigations and Corruption

Costa Rica’s law enforcement agencies are facing significant challenges in combating organized crime. The office of the public prosecutor determines the scope of investigations, while the OIJ is responsible for criminal investigations. However, there have been concerns about police involvement in drug trafficking and corruption within the ranks.

Border Control Challenges

The national police force has several special units dedicated to anti-narcotics operations, but border control remains a major challenge due to the country’s length and blind spots.

Economic Consequences

Money Laundering and Loan Sharking

Despite its economic growth, Costa Rica is also struggling with money laundering and loan sharking. The construction industry, financial institutions, casinos, and currency exchange houses are among the sectors most vulnerable to illegal activities.

International Drug Trade Organizations

International drug trade organizations have been using Costa Rican citizens to launder criminal proceeds through banks and legitimate businesses in the country. However, a private American business initiative has been established to promote safer international trade.

Civil Society Efforts

Supporting Victims of Crime

Costa Rica’s civil society is playing an important role in combating organized crime. The victim and witness protection unit of the OIJ and the office of attention for crime victims of the public prosecution service are two key support mechanisms for those affected by criminal activity.

Prevention Programs

The ministry of public security also has several prevention programs aimed at tackling organized crime, including community security initiatives and programs focused on protecting children and adolescents.

Conclusion

Despite these efforts, many experts believe that more needs to be done to address the growing threat from low-quality cannabis seizures and synthetic drugs in Costa Rica.