Crime and Security in Eritrea: A Complex Issue

Eritrea, a small country located in the Horn of Africa, has been plagued by various challenges related to crime, security, and human rights. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of these issues and explore their impact on the country’s ability to prevent and combat organized crime effectively.

The Criminal Justice System: A Lack of Independence

The judiciary system in Eritrea is marred by a lack of independence, with the executive branch often interfering with court proceedings. The special courts that were once used have been defunct for some time, replaced by more informal and arbitrary methods of power holders.

• Arbitrary Arrests and Detention: Arbitrary arrest and detention are common practices in Eritrea, with due process frequently being violated.
• Harsh Prison Conditions: Prison conditions are harsh, overcrowded, and prisoners may be held incommunicado for indefinite periods without charge or trial.

Law Enforcement Capacity: A Challenge to Effectiveness

Eritrea’s law enforcement capacity remains weak due to corruption and bribery within the force. This weakness hinders the country’s ability to effectively prevent and combat organized crime.

Border Control: A Struggle to Maintain Security

The government maintains strict border control policies, including a “shoot-to-kill” policy towards unauthorized crossings. However, there is evidence that the government profits from illicit smuggling of its citizens.

• Cybercrime Vulnerability: Due to low internet penetration and lack of mobile data, Eritrea’s vulnerability to cyber-dependent crime is considered low.
• Money Laundering and Financial Environment: Eritrea is vulnerable to money laundering due to its informal economy, limited regulatory structures, and use of underground remittance systems.

Economic Regulatory Capacity: A Challenge to Stability

The government’s irrational financial policy, which fixes the nakfa to the US dollar at a rate of 15:1, leads to a steady expansion of the currency black market. Families and business owners are limited in withdrawing funds from their accounts.

• Civil Society and Social Protection: There is a lack of victim and witness support mechanisms, with no measures taken to identify and support victims and witnesses of organized crime.
• Protection of Trafficking Victims: The government has failed to protect and support trafficking victims.

Conclusion

Eritrea faces significant challenges related to crime, security, and human rights, which can impact the country’s ability to prevent and combat organized crime effectively. Addressing these issues will require a concerted effort from the government, civil society, and international partners to establish a more just and secure society for all Eritreans.