Gangs in Southern Region Focus on Drug Trafficking, While Northern Criminal Networks Concentrate on Racketeering and Embezzlement

A recent analysis has revealed that gangs in Kyrgyzstan’s southern region are primarily involved in drug trafficking, while criminal networks in the north focus on racketeering and embezzlement of state assets, as well as the illicit smuggling of Chinese goods. Similar to mafia-style groups, these criminal networks also exert influence over the democratic process, although to a lesser extent.

Strong Collaboration between Local Criminal Networks and Foreign Actors

The study found that there is a strong collaboration between local criminal networks and foreign actors, particularly in human trafficking, drug trafficking, and non-renewable natural resource exploitation.
This collaboration has led to the growth of organized crime in Kyrgyzstan, making it challenging for authorities to combat.

Economic and Financial Environment Conducive to Money Laundering

Kyrgyzstan’s economy is highly vulnerable to money laundering and terrorist financing due to its proximity to terrorist groups in neighboring countries and its position along major drug-trafficking routes. The country’s shadow economy is largely cash-based, making it difficult for authorities to identify instances of money laundering and tax evasion.

Despite efforts by the government to support victims of organized crime, Kyrgyzstan continues to lack sufficient victim protection and treatment services.
The limited services available were further reduced in recent years due to a lack of funding exacerbated by the post-COVID-19 financial crisis.

Freedom of Speech and Association Severely Restricted

The study highlights growing concerns about an attack on freedom of expression and association resulting from regulatory changes in recent years.
These changes include the introduction of a false information law and a financial reporting scheme that has potential to be used as a tool for censorship and interference.
Kyrgyzstan’s media landscape also lacks diversity, with limited Uzbek- and Russian-language media outlets.

Government Response Insufficient

The government’s response to organized crime has been insufficient, with many prevention programs significantly reduced due to a lack of funding. The study recommends that the government prioritize addressing these gaps and work closely with civil society organizations to combat organized crime.

Conclusion

Kyrgyzstan faces significant challenges in combating organized crime, including the growth of criminal networks, corruption, and money laundering. The government must prioritize addressing these issues and work closely with civil society organizations to ensure a more effective response to organized crime.