Financial Crime World

Albania’s Cybersecurity Framework: A Complex Web of Regulations

Tirana - In a rapidly evolving digital landscape, Albania’s cybersecurity framework has been shaped by a patchwork of regulations, guidelines, and international agreements. While the country lacks an all-encompassing law dedicated to cybersecurity, it has adopted various measures to address related issues.

Albania’s legal framework is comprised of several key legislative instruments, including:

  • Criminal Code
  • Criminal Procedure Code
  • Law on Electronic Communications
  • Law on Protection of Personal Data
  • Other relevant laws and regulations

The country has also ratified international treaties, such as the Budapest Convention for Cyber Crime, and incorporated their requirements into national legislation.

Cybersecurity Measures

Notable developments include:

  • The adoption of the “Law on Cyber Security” in 2017, which aims to enhance the country’s cybersecurity capabilities and protect against cyber threats.
  • Procedures for the protection of children online, including measures to combat pornography and ensure safe internet usage.

Challenges

Experts point out that while Albania’s legal framework is comprehensive, its implementation remains a challenge. The country’s criminal justice system lacks:

  • Specialized judges and prosecutors trained in cybersecurity issues
  • Effective mechanisms to handle complex cybercrime cases

International Cooperation

Albania has established regional and global partnerships with organizations such as:

  • Interpol
  • Europol
  • Participated in joint operations to combat cybercrime

Standards and Technologies

While there is no mandatory obligation to implement national ICT security standards, the finance sector has adopted international standards such as:

  • GDPR
  • ISO

However, local companies often lack the resources and expertise to adhere to these standards.

Recommendations

Experts emphasize the need for increased investment in:

  • Training and capacity-building initiatives for law enforcement agencies and judges.
  • Development of specialized cybersecurity infrastructure.
  • Implementation of effective incident response mechanisms.

In conclusion, while Albania’s cybersecurity framework is still evolving, it has made significant strides in addressing related issues through a combination of legislation, international cooperation, and sector-specific standards. However, to effectively combat cyber threats, the country must continue to strengthen its legal framework, build capacity among law enforcement agencies, and promote public-private partnerships.