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Cybersecurity in the Republic of Moldova: 2015-2020 Report

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Overview

This report highlights various aspects of cyber threats and attacks faced by the government and private sectors of the Republic of Moldova between 2015 and 2020.

Key Findings

  • Malware Infections: Between 2015-2019, a total of 43,334 reports on malware activity were processed in Moldova, with 27,879 (64.33%) being related to government networks.
  • Trend of Cyber Attacks: In 2018, the most common incident classes in order of frequency of alerts were:
    • Vulnerable system
    • Compromise system
    • Botnet
    • Malware
    • Attack
  • Ransomware Attacks: Ransomware attacks targeting public sector increased in 2019 due to their ability to pay higher ransoms.
  • Cryptojacking: Unauthorized cryptocurrency mining activities have become a significant threat, mainly by exploiting vulnerabilities in websites or network equipment (cryptojacking).
  • Malware Detection: The top five strains of malware targeting businesses in 2019 were:
    • Trojan.Emotet
    • Adware
    • InstallCore
    • HackTool.WinActivator
    • Riskware.BitCoinMiner

Regional Infection Rates and Malware Networks

  • Regional Infection Rates: In 2018, most infected information systems were located in:
    • Chisinau (58.92%)
    • Tiraspol (30.72%)
    • Bendery (3.38%)
    • Balti (1.36%)
  • Control and Routing Servers: The malware network was directed by approximately 764 control and routing (C&C) servers located in 44 countries around the world, with most being:
    • United States (30%)
    • Germany (19%)
    • Sweden (14%)

Conclusion

The report highlights the main objective of the offensive actions carried out by cyber actors as the exfiltration of information of strategic interest through Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs).