Djibouti’s Struggle Against Organized Crime: A Delicate Balance

Despite its strategic location on the Horn of Africa, Djibouti has maintained a relatively small and isolated market for cocaine and synthetic drugs, with few trafficking cases reported. However, the country faces more pressing challenges from human trafficking and smuggling, as well as arms trafficking.

Criminal Networks

Djiboutian criminal networks are believed to be primarily composed of local nationals, although they often have ties to counterparts in Ethiopia and Yemen. These networks engage in both human trafficking and smuggling, transporting victims from Ethiopia, Somalia, and Yemen to Persian Gulf countries. Additionally, they are involved in arms trafficking between Yemen and Turkey, with multiple foreign criminal systems operating within the country.

Government Response

The Djiboutian government has acknowledged its limitations in combating organized crime, citing external factors such as conflicts in neighboring countries. Nevertheless, it has increased efforts to address human trafficking and smuggling, and has strengthened its anti-corruption framework. However, corruption remains a significant obstacle, with high-level officials allegedly profiting from criminal activities.

International Cooperation

Djibouti is party to several international agreements aimed at combating organized crime, including the UNTOC and UNCAC. It cooperates with regional and international organizations, such as INTERPOL and the East Africa Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation, and has strengthened ties with Arab-speaking countries and France.

Challenges Ahead

Despite these efforts, Djibouti’s judiciary remains plagued by corruption and a lack of independence. The country’s prison system is also severely overcrowded, with reports of mistreatment and limited capacities in forensic services. Corruption continues to hinder law enforcement efforts, and the economy faces significant challenges, including high electricity costs and public debt.

Civil Society

While the government has pledged to combat human trafficking, statements regarding support for victims are scarce. However, authorities have begun to build capacity to protect victims of human trafficking, and civil society organizations operate protective services. Despite these efforts, the country’s ruling party places significant constraints on opposition parties and journalists, making it difficult for civil society to function effectively.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Djibouti faces a complex challenge in combating organized crime, with both internal and external factors contributing to its difficulties. While the government has taken steps to address human trafficking and smuggling, corruption remains a significant obstacle. International cooperation and support will be essential in helping Djibouti overcome these challenges and establish a more secure and stable environment for its citizens.