Internal Fraud in Egypt: A Comprehensive Review and Future Research Directions
Summary of Findings
Prevalence of Internal Fraud
- Secrecy culture and lack of transparency: Egypt’s culture of secrecy and lack of transparency contribute to the likelihood of internal fraud.
- Poor government accounting systems: The country’s government accounting systems are not well-established, making it difficult to detect and report internal fraud cases.
- High risk of financial reporting fraud: There is a high risk of financial reporting fraud in Egypt due to improper disclosure and overstatement of revenues.
Corruption and Regulatory Environment
- Widespread corruption: Corruption is widespread in Egypt, with both grand and petty corruption hindering business operations and growth.
- Anti-corruption institutions: Anti-corruption and anti-money laundering institutions exist but are insufficient to address the issue.
- Regulators’ focus on corruption: Regulators’ efforts are more focused on combating corruption rather than asset misappropriation and financial reporting fraud.
Professional Bodies and Audit Quality
- Lack of professional bodies for anti-fraud education: There is a lack of professional bodies dedicated to anti-fraud education in Egypt.
- Challenges for external auditors: External auditors may face challenges in discharging their responsibility for fraud as per ISA 240 due to governance issues.
Implications for Future Research
Research Gaps and Directions
- Investigate internal fraud cases: Investigate the prevalence and types of internal fraud cases in Egypt, including financial reporting fraud and asset misappropriation.
- Evaluate anti-corruption efforts: Analyze the effectiveness of anti-corruption and anti-money laundering institutions in addressing corruption and money laundering.
- Examine governance issues: Examine the impact of governance issues on audit quality and external auditors’ ability to discharge their responsibility for fraud.
- Develop anti-fraud education programs: Develop and implement effective anti-fraud education programs for professionals and stakeholders in Egypt.
- Assess compliance with ISA 240: Evaluate the compliance of audit firms with ISA 240 and international standards on auditing.
By addressing these research gaps, you can contribute to a better understanding of internal fraud in Egypt and provide insights for improving governance, accountability, and transparency in the country’s business environment.