Financial Crime World

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Estonia Introduces New Measures to Combat Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing

Strengthening Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (CFT) Regime

Tallinn, Estonia - In a bid to enhance its anti-money laundering (AML) and countering the financing of terrorism (CFT) regime, Estonia has introduced new regulations aimed at identifying high-risk individuals and entities.

Definition of Politically Exposed Persons (PEPs)

According to the new laws, a “politically exposed person” is defined as a natural person who holds or has held prominent public functions. This includes:

  • Heads of state
  • Government ministers
  • Members of parliament
  • Judges
  • Senior officials
  • Ambassadors
  • Envoys
  • High-ranking military officers
  • Individuals holding positions in international organizations

Definition of Family Members and Close Associates

The regulations also define “family members” of politically exposed persons as:

  • Spouses
  • Registered partners
  • Parents
  • Children
  • Their spouses or equivalent

Additionally, the laws identify “persons known to be close associates” as those who have:

  • Joint beneficial ownership with a politically exposed person
  • Close business relations
  • Are the beneficial owner of a legal person or trust set up in the interests of a politically exposed person

Obliged Entities’ Responsibilities

The new regulations require obliged entities, such as banks and financial institutions, to:

  • Assess their risk appetite
  • Determine the types of risks they are prepared to assume
  • Identify high-risk individuals and entities
  • Apply enhanced due diligence measures for high-risk individuals and entities

Estonia’s National Risk Assessment

Estonia’s national risk assessment will provide guidelines for the application of AML/CFT legislation and regulations, specifying:

  • Sectors that pose a higher risk of money laundering and terrorist financing
  • Fields and transaction amounts that require enhanced due diligence
  • Countries that are considered high-risk jurisdictions

Key Takeaways

  • Estonia introduces new regulations to identify high-risk individuals and entities.
  • Politically exposed persons, family members, and close associates are defined and included in the list.
  • Obliged entities must assess their risk appetite and apply enhanced due diligence measures for high-risk individuals and entities.
  • Estonia’s national risk assessment provides guidelines for AML/CFT legislation and regulations.

Sources

  • Estonian government website
  • Financial Intelligence Unit of Estonia