Cambodia’s Struggle Against Corruption: Anti-Bribery Laws Face Challenges

Overview

Cambodia has consistently ranked low on Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) with a score of 16 out of 100 in the latest report. Despite some small victories, corruption remains rampant at all levels of government, hindering anti-corruption efforts and perpetuating a culture of bribery and preferential treatment.

Challenges Facing Anti-Corruption Efforts

Lack of accountability and professionalism among government institutions
Widespread bribery and preferential treatment for those who can afford it
Many officials and politicians using their positions for personal gain
Vulnerability of judiciary, law enforcement agencies, and political parties to corruption

Progress and Setbacks

A recent report by Transparency International found that:
- Nearly two-thirds of Cambodians reported paying bribes to receive identity documents in 2013, but this number dropped to less than a third in 2016
- The percentage of respondents who paid bribes to receive healthcare services decreased from 38% in 2013 to 19% in 2016
However, corruption remains rampant, and anti-corruption efforts face challenges:
- Whistleblowers often face retaliation or imprisonment if evidence is insufficient
- Efforts to protect witnesses and whistleblowers have been slow-going and criticized by anti-corruption groups

Government Initiatives

Creation of an Anti-Corruption Body (ACB) in 2010
Passage of the Anti-Corruption Law, which allows officials found guilty of corruption to face up to 15 years in prison
Standard fees for government services have been published to reduce the risk of corruption
Drafting of two laws aimed at protecting witnesses and whistleblowers

Conclusion

Despite some progress, much more needs to be done to address the pervasive culture of corruption in Cambodia. The effectiveness of anti-corruption efforts remains uncertain, and it is unclear whether they will be able to combat bribery and other forms of corruption.