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Pakistan’s Fisheries Sector: A Complex Web of Laws and Regulations

ISLAMABAD - Pakistan’s fisheries sector is governed by a complex web of laws and regulations, aimed at promoting sustainable development while ensuring the livelihoods of fisherfolk. In this article, we will delve into the various pieces of legislation that shape the country’s marine fishing industry.

Provincial Level Regulations

At the provincial level, the Coastal Development Authority Act of Sindh, 1994, oversees the development operations, management, and maintenance of coastal areas, including fisheries, livestock, horticulture, and agriculture. Meanwhile, the Balochistan Sea Fisheries Act No. IX of 1976 regulates the fishing industry in the province.

Federal Government Regulations

The federal government has also established laws to govern the sector. The Pakistan Marine Fisheries Ordinance, 1983, aims to promote sustainable marine fishing practices and conserve fish resources. Additionally, the Pakistan Fisheries Rules, 1985, outline the guidelines for fishing permits, catch limits, and gear restrictions.

Challenges in the Sector

However, despite these regulations, the country’s fisheries sector faces numerous challenges, including:

  • Overfishing
  • Destructive fishing practices
  • Lack of compliance with international standards

A recent study by the Trade Knowledge Network found that market forces are a better driver of compliance than policy or institutional interventions in Pakistan’s marine fisheries sector.

The study, which analyzed the supply chain of compliance with international standards, highlighted the need for effective policy and legal alternatives to address the unsustainable harvesting practices in the country’s waters. The researchers also emphasized the importance of community-based management plans, which have been shown to be more effective in conserving natural resources than top-down approaches.

Government Initiatives

The Pakistani government has taken steps to address these challenges, including:

  • Establishing the Pakistan Marine Fisheries Commission
  • Developing a National Fishery Policy

However, more needs to be done to ensure the long-term sustainability of the country’s fisheries sector.

Conclusion

As the world grapples with the challenges of climate change, food security, and sustainable development, Pakistan’s fisheries sector will play a critical role in meeting these global challenges. By promoting sustainable fishing practices, conserving fish resources, and ensuring the livelihoods of fisherfolk, the country can contribute to a more resilient and food-secure future for all.

Sources

  • Coastal Development Authority Act of Sindh, 1994
  • Balochistan Sea Fisheries Act No. IX of 1976
  • Pakistan Marine Fisheries Ordinance, 1983
  • Pakistan Fisheries Rules, 1985
  • Trade Knowledge Network study on compliance with international standards in the marine fisheries sector

Methodology

The data for this article were collected through a combination of:

  • Household surveys
  • Focus group discussions
  • Stakeholder interviews

The household survey was conducted in fishing villages in Karachi (Sindh) and Gwadar and Pasni (Balochistan).