France’s Global Approach to Financial Crime: IMF Report Highlights Progress in Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Regime
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) recently released a technical note on France’s progress in combating money laundering and terrorist financing (ML/TF) as part of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP). This article outlines the significant strides France has made, as outlined in the report, to strengthen its Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing (AML/CFT) framework.
Strengthening AML/CFT Framework
During the period covered by the report (December 2018 to October 2019), France made substantial progress in enhancing its AML/CFT framework, particularly in the following areas:
- Risk identification and investigation
- The French authorities have increased efforts to identify and prevent terrorist financing (TF) activities in the wake of the 2015 Paris attacks.
- A specialized unit within the Paris prosecutor’s office has been instrumental in identifying and investigating networks funding terrorist activities.
- Banks have been engaging in the fight against TF by using increasingly sophisticated systems to detect suspicious transactions and reporting them to the Financial Intelligence Unit (Tracfin).
- Legal and regulatory framework
- France has implemented a risk-based approach to AML/CFT supervision.
- The French Prudential Supervision and Resolution Authority (ACPR)’s improved onsite inspections and use of sanctions against non-compliant banks are evidence of this approach.
- Collaboration between regulatory bodies
- To address the risks of cross-border crimes, the French authorities are prioritizing more effective risk assessment and supervision of lawyers, real estate agents, and trust and company service providers.
- The Directorate General for Competition, Consumer Affairs and Fraud Control (DGCCRF) and the National Bar Council (CNB) are encouraged to collaborate to ensure unified understanding and compliance with ML/TF risks and develop consistent approaches to risk-based monitoring and disciplinary actions.
- Adapting to the Fintech sector
- France has made significant progress in updating its legislation and promoting responsible innovation in the Fintech sector.
- However, there is a need for further collaboration and enforcement to ensure that Fintech entities fully comply with AML/CFT regulations.
Key Findings and Recommendations
The IMF report showcases France’s substantial progress in implementing a robust AML/CFT framework to tackle various financial crimes. Some of the report’s main findings and recommendations include:
- France has made progress in risk identification, risk-based supervision, and the use of financial intelligence to combat ML/TF activities.
- Collaboration between regulatory bodies, financial institutions, and the legal profession is crucial to maintaining an effective system for detecting and preventing financial crimes.
- A more coordinated approach to risk assessment and supervision of intermediaries, such as lawyers, real estate agents, and trust and company service providers, is encouraged.
- Adapting to the growing Fintech sector and ensuring that Fintech entities fully comply with AML/CFT regulations should remain a priority.