Haiti’s Instability Fuels Criminal Networks, Undermines Rule of Law
Political Instability Unleashes Wave of Crime in Haiti
The assassination of President Jovenel Moïse has plunged Haiti into political instability, allowing criminal groups to gain strength and profit from their activities. Political actors have been providing armed gangs with weapons and support to control electoral zones, leading to a shift from political violence to organized crime.
Criminal Networks Thrive Amid Government Inaction
According to experts, Haiti is facing a critical crisis as criminal networks have increased their activities while the government struggles to effectively combat them. These groups are responsible for crimes such as:
- Aggravated assault
- Theft
- Using readily available firearms
Foreign criminal actors, primarily involved in cocaine trafficking and human smuggling, have also been active in Haiti. Although they have not had a significant impact on the country overall, their presence has contributed to the instability.
Corruption and Weak Governance Compound Crisis
The government’s inability to effectively combat corruption has hindered development for years. The judiciary is plagued with problems, including:
- Inadequate training
- Under-resourcing
- Low salaries
- Judges vulnerable to corruption
The police force is also overwhelmed, lacking resources and coordination, leading to a culture of impunity in law enforcement. Corruption within the police force is widespread, with many officers believed to participate in criminal activities or accept bribes.
Porous Borders and Weak Controls Attract Criminal Networks
Haiti’s porous borders and weak controls have created an environment that attracts trans-border criminal networks involved in:
- Drug smuggling
- Weapons smuggling
- Document fraud
- Human smuggling
- Human trafficking
Economic Crisis Worsened by Pandemic
The economic situation is dire, with more than half of the population earning less than $2 per day. The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the already fragile economy, and the government’s efforts to improve the situation are uncertain given the deteriorating security situation.
Victim and Witness Protection Non-Existent
In this environment, victim and witness protection is almost non-existent, creating an atmosphere of fear throughout society. NGOs have taken on the role of providing programs for witnesses and victims, but their efforts are limited by the lack of resources and instability.
Journalists Face Significant Challenges
Journalists in Haiti face significant challenges, including:
- Lack of funding
- Self-censorship
- Limited access to information
- Targeting by armed gangs
Radio stations remain a popular medium, but investigative journalists have been targeted by armed gangs.
International Support Crucial for Haiti’s Stability and Development
As the situation continues to deteriorate, international organizations and governments must step in to provide support and assistance to Haiti’s government and civil society. The country’s stability and development depend on it.