Japan’s Stricter Regulations Against Money Laundering Gain International Attention
TOKYO - Japan has taken significant steps to strengthen its regulations against money laundering, according to a recent report submitted by the country to the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC). The measures aim to deter and detect money laundering, ensuring that financial institutions and designated non-financial businesses and professions comply with customer due diligence requirements.
Enhanced Anti-Money Laundering Regulations
The Act on Prevention of Transfer of Criminal Proceeds has been instrumental in combating money laundering and terrorist financing. Financial institutions, including non-bank institutions, are now required to:
- Identify customers and beneficial owners: Ensure that all customers and beneficial owners are properly identified and verified.
- Maintain transaction records: Keep accurate and detailed records of all transactions.
- Report suspicious transactions: Report any suspicious transactions to the Financial Intelligence Unit.
International Cooperation
Japan’s National Public Safety Commission exercises administrative supervision over the Japan Financial Intelligence Center (JAFIC), which is responsible for:
- Collecting, analyzing, and disseminating information on suspicious transactions: Gather and analyze information on suspicious transactions to prevent money laundering.
- Cooperating with foreign financial intelligence units: Share information and cooperate with other countries to combat international money laundering schemes.
Membership in International Organizations
Japan has become a member of various international organizations, including:
- Financial Action Task Force (FATF): Participate in global initiatives against money laundering and terrorist financing.
- Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering (APG): Collaborate with other countries to combat money laundering in the Asia-Pacific region.
- Egmont Group: Exchange information and cooperate with other countries to prevent money laundering.
Reporting Requirements
Individuals traveling to or from Japan are required to declare:
- Cash transactions exceeding ¥1 million: Report any cash transactions exceeding ¥1 million.
- Checks, promissory notes, and securities: Disclose the originators of electronic transfers of funds and maintain such information throughout the payment chain.
Challenges and Future Initiatives
Despite efforts to strengthen anti-money laundering regulations, challenges remain in monitoring compliance among banks and other reporting entities. Japan is working to:
- Strengthen regulations: Improve laws and regulations to prevent money laundering.
- Enhance international cooperation: Collaborate with other countries to combat money laundering.
International Recognition
Japan’s commitment to combating money laundering has been recognized internationally, with participation in various regional and multilateral initiatives. The country:
- Exchanges information with other countries through Interpol: Share information on suspicious transactions to prevent money laundering.
- Provides/receives evidence via central authorities designated in mutual legal assistance agreements (MLATs) or memoranda of understanding (MOUs): Cooperate with other countries to investigate and prosecute money laundering cases.