Financial Crime World

Criminal Justice System in Uganda: A Study Reveals Improvement but Persistent Challenges

A recent study by the Hague Institute for Innovation of Law (HiiL) has shed light on the criminal justice system and finance in Uganda, highlighting both progress and persisting challenges. The Justice Needs and Satisfaction (JNS) 2024 survey is the third iteration of the JNS study in Uganda.

Methodology

The survey was informed by a reference group comprising 12 stakeholder institutions, who provided feedback and suggestions on the questionnaire to ensure its relevance for Uganda. The data collection process involved Research World International, a local partner.

Findings

The findings show that legal problems remain widespread, with an increase from 84% in 2020 to 95% in 2024. Land issues, family disputes, domestic violence, and crime continue to be the most pressing concerns, affecting different demographic groups in distinct ways.

However, there is encouraging news: the action rate has risen significantly since 2020, with 93% of problems leading to some form of resolution, compared to 80% previously. The resolution rate has also improved, with 55% of problems partially or completely resolved, up from 48% in 2020.

Challenges

Despite this progress, many issues are still addressed outside the formal justice system, particularly through Local Council Courts and traditional leaders, especially in rural areas. Community justice providers play a crucial role but concerns remain about their effectiveness and accessibility for vulnerable groups such as women and those with limited resources.

Vulnerable Groups

The study highlights the importance of designing policies and services that cater to the needs of vulnerable groups, including:

  • Women
  • Youth
  • Individuals with limited resources

Bridging demographic gaps in access to justice is essential for equitable outcomes.

Implications

The JNS data will serve as a cornerstone for evidence-based priority setting, enabling efficient resource allocation and improved transparency and accountability in justice programming. The survey’s findings will also inform the development of targeted policies and interventions aimed at addressing the most pressing legal needs and challenges in Uganda.

Conclusion

==========

Overall, while progress has been made, the study underscores the need for continued efforts to strengthen the criminal justice system and ensure equal access to justice for all Ugandans.