Combating Organized Crime in the Maldives: Progress and Challenges
The Maldives has made significant strides in addressing organized crime and corruption, but there are still numerous challenges that need to be addressed.
Challenges Facing the Maldives
Weak Legal Framework
- The Maldives has a relatively weak legal framework for combating organized crime, with gaps remaining in laws related to human trafficking and drug trafficking.
- The country lacks effective witness protection programs, making it difficult for witnesses to come forward and testify against organized criminals.
Corruption and Poor Prison Conditions
- Corruption is widespread in the judiciary, law enforcement, and financial sectors, making it challenging to convict organized criminals and investigate financial crimes linked to organized crime groups.
- The prison system is weak, with poor conditions contributing to a lack of rehabilitation for inmates.
Limited Economic Opportunities
- There is a lack of economic opportunities in the private sector due to monopolistic tendencies and high levels of control by a small handful of ultra-rich resort owners.
Positive Developments
New Government Approach
- The new government has taken a more coherent approach to combating corruption and organized crime, with the introduction of anti-corruption reforms and the strengthening of oversight mechanisms.
- This shift in approach has led to increased cooperation with international partners and the development of stronger legislation.
International Cooperation and Extradition
- The Maldives has signed all major relevant treaties pertaining to organized crime and cooperates with international partners in forums such as a regional intelligence-sharing platform for Southern Asia.
- The country has extradition treaties in place and has proven willing to extradite foreign criminals.
Strengthening Legislation and Prison Reform
- There is a sustained attempt to create stronger legislation, with a series of laws on human trafficking and drug trafficking being introduced over the past decade.
- Prison reform is currently being addressed through UNODC-facilitated training, and the Strategic Action Plan 2019–2023 identifies rule of law and judicial reform as a government priority.