Violent Islamist Extremist Groups Pose Threat to Mauritania

In a region plagued by terrorism, Mauritania remains a key battleground against violent extremist groups. Despite the presence of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), the Mauritanian government has taken steps to counter the threat.

ISIL Presence a Concern

The government is also on high alert for the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), with several arrests made in 2015 targeting individuals suspected of recruiting or swearing allegiance to the group. Political and religious leaders have publicly condemned ISIL’s methods and activities, highlighting the country’s commitment to combating terrorism.

Counterterrorism Efforts

Mauritania has continued to develop its counterterrorism capabilities, implementing UN Security Council Resolutions (UNSCRs) 2178 (2014), 2199 (2015), and the UN 1267/1989/2253 ISIL (Da’esh) and al-Qa’ida sanctions regime. The government has also strengthened its legal framework, with prosecutors and investigative magistrates receiving training from international partners.

Law Enforcement and Border Security

Mauritanian security forces have successfully deterred or prevented terrorist attacks in 2015, but they face challenges in building capacity and improving border security. The National Gendarmerie and the National Security Directorate are the primary law enforcement units responsible for counterterrorism functions, although cooperation between them is sporadic.

Countering Financing of Terrorism

Mauritania is a member of the Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force and maintains observer status within the Inter-Governmental Action Group Against Money Laundering in West Africa. The government has submitted a draft amendment to its money laundering and terrorism financing law, but it remains unsigned.

Countering Violent Extremism

The government has launched programs aimed at countering violent extremism and offering alternatives to “at-risk” individuals. This includes supporting mahadras, which provide education and financial assistance to students, as well as collaborating with independent Islamic religious organizations to promote moderation.

Regional Conference on Countering Violent Extremism

In August, Mauritania hosted a regional conference on countering violent extremism, attended by representatives from governments in West Africa and the Sahel and Maghreb regions. The event aimed to explore ways to research and identify local drivers of violent extremism, engage whole- society in building resilient communities, and evaluate roles civil society can play in preventing violence.

Conclusion

As the fight against terrorism continues, Mauritania remains a critical frontline in the battle against violent extremist groups. The government’s efforts to strengthen its legal framework, law enforcement capabilities, and border security will be crucial in preventing terrorist attacks and promoting regional stability.