Palau’s Economy Suffers from Record Deficit
Fiscal Year 2020 Sees Significant Deterioration
A deficit of 10.9 percent of GDP was recorded in Fiscal Year (FY) 2020, according to data released by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This represents a significant deterioration in Palau’s fiscal position, reflecting the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Banking System Remains Sound
- Commercial banks enjoy ample liquidity
- Private sector credit growth has softened, declining by 4.8 percent in FY2020 compared to the previous year
- Ratio of non-performing loans to total loans increased from 0.7 percent before the crisis to 1.7 percent in 2021Q1
External Position Weaker than Expected
- Current account (CA) gap estimated at around -19.7 percent of GDP in FY2020
- Sharp decline in tourist arrivals and exports, as well as increased imports, contributed to the CA deficit
- Expected to narrow in the medium term as tourism activities resume, but will likely remain elevated
Government Response
- Implemented various policy measures to address economic fallout from the pandemic, including:
- Public health measures
- Unemployment benefits
- Temporary jobs programs
- Concessional financing from the Asian Development Bank (AsDB) helped finance non-crisis related spending as part of public sector reform programs
Challenging Recovery Path Ahead
- Real GDP estimated to have contracted by 17.1 percent in FY2021, and is expected to rebound slowly over the medium term
- Tourism arrivals expected to take time to recover, with output remaining on a lower trajectory until FY2024
- Inflation expected to pick up in the short term due to elevated international commodity prices, but projected to subside over the medium term
Uncertainty Remains High
- Main risk to the economy’s recovery is a protracted COVID-19 pandemic or domestic outbreak
- Large foreign assets and access to long-term concessional loans and grants reduce the risk of external financing distress
Conclusion
Palau’s economy faces a difficult and uncertain recovery path, requiring continued policy support and structural reforms to address imbalances in the public pension system and public utility company.