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Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence in Law Enforcement

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Introduction

The use of predictive policing and artificial intelligence (AI) in law enforcement has been a topic of discussion in recent years. This article explores some key points related to this issue, focusing on clarifying the content rather than arguing for or against it.

Predictive Policing

Some police officers might intervene based on predictions provided by AI systems, but such actions would still require a specific provision of law. The use of AI-driven predictions in policing raises important questions about the boundaries between prediction and preemption.

Police Act (Chapter 2, Section 10)

The Police Act (Chapter 2, Section 10) allows police officers to remove a person from a scene if they have reasonable grounds to believe the person will commit an offense or cause a disturbance. However, this provision does not provide explicit guidance on how AI-driven predictions should be used in making these decisions.

Government Proposal

The Government Proposal does not refer to using algorithmic tools when conducting assessments under Section 10 of the Police Act. This suggests that the government is cautious about introducing AI-powered predictive policing without a clear framework for its use.

Constitutional Rights

The document highlights the importance of respecting fundamental rights, such as:

  • Equality: Ensuring that all individuals are treated fairly and without prejudice.
  • Privacy: Protecting individuals’ personal information from unauthorized access or misuse.
  • Liberty and Security: Balancing individual freedoms with the need for public safety.

These constitutional rights are essential when exercising public power, particularly in the context of law enforcement. Any use of predictive policing or AI must be carefully considered to ensure that it does not infringe on these fundamental rights.

Conclusion

While some provisions in the Police Act might provide a basis for police action, they would not be sufficient to justify actions based solely on predictions from AI systems. The importance of respecting constitutional rights when exercising public power cannot be overstated.