Armenia’s Environmental Protection Laws in Need of Reform

A recent report has highlighted the need for significant reforms to Armenia’s environmental protection laws and regulatory framework. While the country has made progress in implementing new laws, such as the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system introduced in 2014, much remains to be done to ensure effective governance and responsible investment in the mining sector.

Fragmented Regulatory System

The current regulatory system is fragmented and lacks clear oversight or direction. The government has been criticized for failing to develop a comprehensive policy or strategy for the sector, leading to a lack of coordination between different agencies and departments.

• The report identifies the need for greater transparency and accountability in decision-making.
• The country’s mining sector has long been plagued by secrecy and corruption, with current or former politicians engaging in mining project development despite conflicts of interest.

Need for Improved Capacity Building and Training

The report also highlights the need for improved capacity building and training among regulatory agencies, as well as better collaboration between government departments and stakeholders.

• The introduction of a national resource/mineral policy is seen as a key step towards achieving triple bottom line outcomes and promoting sustainable development.
• The Armenian government has been urged to embark on a process of developing a harmonized policy and regulatory framework, with non-urgent reforms put on hold pending the development of strategic policy guidelines.

Recommendations for Reform

The report recommends that Armenia consider joining the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) to improve revenue accountability and transparency in the sector. The Mining Legislation Reform Initiative (MLRI), a project of the American University of Armenia’s Center for Responsible Mining, has been working to support reform efforts in the sector.

• Key areas for improvement identified by MLRI include:
  • Greater public participation
  • Decision-making based on factual information

Conclusion

While Armenia has made progress in implementing new environmental laws, much remains to be done to ensure effective governance and responsible investment in the mining sector. The government must prioritize reform efforts and work towards developing a comprehensive policy and regulatory framework that promotes transparency, accountability, and sustainable development.