Financial Crime World

Here is the rewritten article in markdown format:

UN and International Sanctions on Sudan: A Comprehensive Guide

In 2004, the United Nations Security Council imposed an arms embargo on all non-governmental entities and individuals operating in Darfur, Sudan, in response to acts of violence and human rights violations by various parties. The embargo was expanded in 2005 to include all parties to the N’Djamena Ceasefire Agreement and any other belligerents in Darfur, including the Sudanese Government.

UN Sanctions

The UN also imposed a travel ban and assets freeze on individuals designated by its Sanctions Committee under UN Resolution 1591. The UN sanctions are designed to pressure the Sudanese government to cease human rights violations and support for terrorism.

EU Sanctions

The European Union first imposed sanctions on Sudan in 1994 in response to the civil war in southern Sudan. In 2005, the EU merged its existing arms embargo with the UN sanctions, creating a comprehensive regime that includes an arms embargo, assets freeze, and travel bans. The current EU sanctions are contained in Council Regulation (EU) No 747/2014 and Council Decision 2014/450/CFSP.

UK Sanctions

The UK implements UN sanctions and an autonomous regime under the Sudan (Sanctions) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, which includes an arms embargo, assets freeze, and travel bans.

US Sanctions

In response to Sudan’s alleged support for international terrorism, US President Bill Clinton declared a national emergency in 1997. The US Treasury was empowered to impose assets freezes and travel bans on individuals and entities connected to the Sudanese Government. In 2020, the listing of Sudan as a State Sponsor of Terrorism was rescinded, but the US still maintains sanctions on certain individuals and entities.

Sanctions List

The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) maintains a list of sanctioned individuals and entities, which can be searched online using the term “Sudan”. The US also has a number of general licenses that authorize certain transactions in support of humanitarian activities or other designated purposes.

Guidance

For individuals and businesses looking to navigate these complex sanctions regimes, there are a number of resources available:

  • The US Department of State’s Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs provides guidance on Sudanese sanctions.
  • The OFAC website offers additional information on implementing sanctions.
  • The EU and UK also have their own guidance documents and regulations that provide further information on implementing sanctions.

By understanding the UN and international sanctions on Sudan, individuals and businesses can better navigate the complex landscape of sanctions and avoid potential penalties.