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Somalia’s National Development Plan 9 (NDP9): Clarifying the Reforms

The Somali government has proposed significant reforms through its National Development Plan 9 (NDP9), with three pillars aimed at achieving economic, security, and social development. However, to ensure a clear understanding of these reforms and their implementation, several questions remain unanswered.

Harmonizing Federal and State Laws

Finalizing the Federal Constitution

• Finalization steps: What specific actions can be taken to finalize the Federal Constitution of Somalia and harmonize it with state laws?
• Division of labor: How will the division of labor across local, state, and federal governments be clearly delineated?

Revenue Administration and Taxation

Implementing Revenue Administration Law

• Interventions in Pillar 1: What interventions are proposed to implement the Revenue Administration Law and harmonize tax systems in the country?
• Equitable sharing of revenue: How will the equitable sharing of revenue from natural resources be achieved, and what steps can be taken to address potential horizontal inequities in oil revenue-sharing arrangements?

Increasing Transparency and Accountability

Openness in Budgeting and Public Sector Performance

• Transparency measures: What measures can be implemented to increase transparency and accountability in NDP9, such as openness in budgeting, use of taxes, and public sector performance?
• Maintaining momentum: How will the authorities accelerate the pace of fiscal federalism reforms, and what steps can be taken to maintain momentum created by previous agreements?

Security and Rule of Law Interventions

Prioritizing Security and Rule of Law

• Pillar 2 interventions: What specific security and rule of law interventions are prioritized in Pillar 2, and how will they contribute to economic and human development in Somalia?
• Increasing effectiveness: How will the effectiveness of national army and police forces be increased through the proposed interventions in Pillar 2?

Justice and Judiciary Reform

Improving Access to Justice

• Justice system reform: What steps can be taken to reform justice and judiciary systems, improve women’s and other vulnerable groups’ access to justice, protect human rights, and reduce corruption?
• Tradeoffs in investments: How will financial investments required under Pillar 3 (Economic Development) be reflected in NDP9 implementation, and what tradeoffs might exist between investments in the security sector and other sectors?