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Somalia Under Fire: International Community Takes Aim at Terror Groups
The United Nations Security Council has imposed a series of sanctions on Somalia to combat the spread of terrorism and instability in the region. The latest resolutions have targeted key areas, including charcoal trade, weapons components, and human rights abuses.
Charcoal Ban
In 2012, the Security Council banned the direct or indirect import of charcoal from Somalia, regardless of its origin. The resolution also required Somali authorities to prevent the export of charcoal from the country. In subsequent resolutions, the Council has authorized Member States to interdict charcoal- Laden vessels and called on the Secretary-General to raise awareness among Member States about their obligations to abide by the ban.
IED Components Ban
In 2019, the Security Council decided that all States shall prevent the sale, supply, or transfer of explosive precursors and materials to Somalia, which could be used in the manufacture of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). The resolution also called on Member States to promote vigilance among nationals and firms involved in such transactions. Subsequent resolutions have added components to the list of banned items.
Al-Shabaab Sanctions Regime
The Security Council has established a sanctions regime targeting individuals and entities associated with Al-Shabaab, a terrorist group operating in Somalia. The criteria for listing include:
- Engaging in acts that threaten the peace, security, or stability of Somalia
- Acting in violation of arms embargoes or transfer restrictions
- Obstructing humanitarian assistance to Somalia
- Recruiting children in armed conflicts
- Violating international law by targeting civilians, including women and children
- Exporting or importing charcoal from Somalia
- Misappropriating financial resources
- Planning or committing acts involving sexual and gender-based violence
- Being associated with Al-Shabaab
The latest resolution has added new criteria, including engaging in acts that threaten the Federal Government of Somalia or ATMIS (African Union Mission in Somalia) by force. The sanctions regime aims to disrupt the terrorist group’s financial and logistical networks, as well as its ability to recruit and use child soldiers.
International Community Takes Action
The international community is united in its efforts to combat terrorism and instability in Somalia. The Security Council has taken decisive action to impose sanctions on key targets, including Al-Shabaab and other terrorist groups. Member States are expected to cooperate fully with the sanctions regime and take all necessary measures to prevent the proliferation of charcoal, weapons components, and other illegal activities.
As the situation continues to evolve, it is clear that international cooperation and commitment are crucial in addressing the root causes of terrorism and promoting stability in Somalia.