Financial Crime World

Ghana’s Financial Regulatory Bodies: A Pillar of Economic Stability

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In Ghana, the Bank of Ghana is vested with overall supervisory and regulatory authority over all matters relating to banking and non-banking financial business. This mandate aims to achieve economic growth and development by creating a stable financial system.

Regulatory Framework

The regulatory framework governing banks, non-bank financial institutions, and forex bureaux in Ghana is anchored on several laws, including:

  • Bank of Ghana Act 2002 (Act 612)
  • Bank of Ghana (Amendment) Act, 2016 (Act 918)
  • Other relevant laws

These laws provide a robust legal foundation for the Central Bank’s regulatory functions.

Bank of Ghana’s Regulatory Powers

The Bank of Ghana’s regulatory powers are defined in Acts 612 and 673, which outline its responsibilities to:

  • Regulate, supervise, and direct the banking system
  • Ensure a safe and sound banking environment
  • Appoint an officer as head of Banking Supervision Department
  • Propose reforms of laws relating to banking business

Objectives of Regulatory Functions

The Bank’s regulatory functions are designed to achieve several objectives:

  • Ensure depositors’ funds are safe
  • Maintain the solvency and liquidity of banks
  • Enforce compliance with statutory and regulatory requirements
  • Promote fair competition among banks
  • Maintain an efficient payment system

Alignment with International Standards

To enhance its supervisory powers, the Bank of Ghana has aligned its functions with the Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision. This move aims to strengthen the legal and regulatory framework governing banking operations in the country.

History of the Bank of Ghana

The Bank of Ghana’s history dates back to 1958 when it took over the issue of currency notes and coins from the West African Currency Board (WACB) following Ghana’s independence. Since then, the Central Bank has played a crucial role in shaping the country’s financial sector, ensuring economic stability, and promoting growth and development.