Terrorism Financing Laws in Jordan: A Review of the Existing Regime
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Introduction
Despite being a key player in the global war on terror, Jordan’s anti-terrorism financing laws have been criticized for having significant loopholes and vulnerabilities. A recent study has highlighted the need for greater enforcement and expansion of existing provisions to effectively combat terrorist finance activities.
The Study
The study, published in the Journal of Money Laundering Control, analyzed the pre-September 11 legal structure in Jordan regarding terrorist finance, as well as the amended Penal Law promulgated on October 8, 2001. The law has emerged as the principal tool in addressing terrorist finance activities, but the researchers found that there are still many areas that need to be addressed.
Key Issues
- Lack of Clarity: One of the key issues identified is the lack of clarity in defining what constitutes “terrorist activity”. The study suggests that a clear definition should be provided in article 147(2) of the Penal Law.
- Penalties: Penalties for terrorist finance offenses should be tightened and expanded to include Islamic banks, hawala, charities, and zakat.
Recommendations
- Greater Enforcement: There is a need for greater enforcement of existing provisions, with a focus on expanding the scope of article 147(2) to cover previously unregulated sectors. This includes Islamic banks, which have been criticized for their lack of transparency and accountability.
- Expansion of Coverage: The scope of article 147(2) should be expanded to cover previously unregulated sectors, including Islamic banks.
Conclusion
Jordan’s accession to the United Nations Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism in 2001 was an important step forward, but more needs to be done to effectively implement the convention. The study concludes that while Jordan has made progress in addressing terrorist finance activities, there is still much work to be done.
Recommendations for Action
- Jordan’s Authorities: Take action to address the vulnerabilities identified in the study and strengthen its anti-terrorism financing laws to prevent terrorist activities.
- Implementation of UN Convention: Implement the United Nations Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism effectively, including expanding the scope of article 147(2) to cover previously unregulated sectors.
Final Thoughts
The study provides a valuable insight into the legal regime of anti-terrorist financing in Jordan and will be useful for lawyers, academics, and policymakers interested in the subject. The findings of this study highlight the need for greater enforcement and expansion of existing provisions to effectively combat terrorist finance activities in Jordan.